Requirements to become a sworn translator in Spain: everything you need to know

More and more professionals in the field of translation are looking to take the next step in their careers: obtaining the official title of sworn translator in Spain. And it’s no wonder. This accreditation, granted by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, gives translators the authority to sign and seal translations with full legal validity—something essential for many official and legal procedures.

But what exactly do you need to achieve this title? Is the path accessible? What academic, legal, and linguistic requirements are involved? In this article, we break down all the requirements to become a sworn translator in Spain—clearly and in plain language.

What exactly is a sworn translator?

Before diving into the details, it’s important to clarify what a sworn translator is—and what they are not. A sworn translator is an officially certified professional, authorized by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, European Union and Cooperation (MAEC), to translate documents that must be legally valid. These include birth certificates, diplomas, contracts, court rulings, powers of attorney, and more.

Their translations are signed and sealed, certifying that the translated content is a true and accurate version of the original and fully valid for submission to public and private institutions.

How can you get this certification?

Currently, the only official way to become a sworn translator in Spain is by passing an exam organized by the Office of Language Interpretation, a branch of the MAEC. These exams are not held every year or on a regular basis, so it’s important to stay informed through the Spanish Official State Gazette (BOE).

Requirements to apply for the sworn translator exam

To be admitted to the examination process, candidates must meet specific conditions, as outlined in the official exam announcement. Here are the key requirements:

1. Be of legal age

Applicants must be at least 18 years old on the date of the exam.

2. Hold Spanish or EU/EEA nationality

Eligible candidates include nationals from:

• Spain

• European Union member states

• Countries in the European Economic Area (e.g., Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein)

3. Hold a university degree

Candidates must hold an official Spanish university degree, such as a Bachelor’s or equivalent (including technical engineering or architecture degrees).

If the degree was obtained abroad, candidates must present the equivalence certificate or official recognition issued by the Spanish Ministry of Education.

4. Submit all documents on time

All required documentation must be submitted within the time frame set in the official exam call. Late submissions or missing documents will disqualify the candidate.

What knowledge is tested in the exam?

This is not just a language proficiency test. The exam to become a sworn translator is known for being rigorous and multidisciplinary. It evaluates:

• Fluency and full command of both working languages (reading, writing, and comprehension).

• Legal and administrative terminology in Spanish and the target language.

• Practical translation skills, with texts translated in both directions (into and from Spanish).

• In many calls, there’s also an oral consecutive interpretation test, simulating a real-life situation.

Do you need a degree in Translation?

While it’s not mandatory to hold a degree in Translation and Interpreting, it’s highly recommended. Many successful candidates have formal training in legal translation or have completed professional preparation courses focused on this exam.

In any case, it’s essential to prepare thoroughly, understand how legal texts work, and master the tools and resources that translators use in professional practice.

Where to stay informed about exam calls?

The best sources of information are the official website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (www.exteriores.gob.es) and the Spanish BOE. Additionally, there are training centers and online platforms offering specialized preparation courses, mock exams, and materials aligned with the official curriculum.

Final thoughts

Becoming a sworn translator in Spain is an attainable goal, but it requires preparation, commitment, and strong knowledge of both languages and legal concepts. If you meet the requirements and are ready for the challenge, this credential can open up excellent professional opportunities in one of the most respected and in-demand areas of translation.

Thinking of becoming a sworn translator? Stay informed, prepare strategically, and take the first step today toward a highly valued professional qualification.